Ganglioside GM1 sodium salt (bovine brain)

Ganglioside GM1 sodium salt (bovine brain) is a specific and only receptor for cholera toxin which facilitates the toxin's transmembrane movement. Cells which lack Ganglioside GM1 can be toxin-resistant, further proving the role of this receptor in the cholera toxicity mechanism. Experiments have shown Ganglioside GM1 and bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphate (BMP) mixtures to spontaneously form small spherical vesicles of homogenous size in an energy independent manner. In addition, this receptor has been found to significantly decrease hydrogen peroxide-induced reactive oxygen species accumulation in PC-12 cells. It has been shown that the reduction in reactive oxygen species is due to activation of protein kinase perceiving signal from this enzyme and tyrosine kinase Trk-receptors. Supplied is also the Ganglioside GM1 sodium salt form.