S-15176 difumarate salt

An anti-ischemic and antioxidant agent. Also inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition, prevents the early step in apoptosis by preventing collapse of the electrochemical gradient across the mitochondrial membrane. IC₅₀ for in vitro lipid peroxidation is 0.3 µM. IC₅₀ for carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT-1) in heart homogenate is 16.8 µM. The shift from fatty acid to glucose oxidation may contribute to anti-ischemic effect.