Chlorogenic Acid

Chlorogenic Acid is an analog of caffeic acid that displays antioxidant, analgesic, antipyretic and chemopreventive activity. Chlorogenic acid inhibits Bcr-Abl (the fusion protein of Bcr and c-Abl) tyrosine kinase and triggers MAP kinases p38-dependent apoptosis. Chlorogenic acid has been documented to inhibit growth of A549 human cancer cells in vitro. In a dose dependent manner chlorogenic acid suppressed 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13- acetate (TPA)-induced neoplastic transformation of JB6 P+ cells. When JB6 P+ cells were pretreated with chlorogenic acid, UVB- or TPA-induced transactivation of AP-1 and NF-κ B were blocked and at lower doses, chlorogenic acid decreased the phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases, MAPK kinase 4, and p38 kinase. In the same study, chlorogenic acid also increased the activities of GST and NAD(P)H. In IL-1 induced HUVEC cells Chlorogenic acid dose-dependently suppressed IL-1 beta-induced mRNA expression of endothelial cell selectin, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1, production of ROS, and attenuated or blocked IL-1 beta-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κ B subunits p50 and p65, which in turn transcriptionally attenuated CAM. In addition to all of these actions, chlorogenic acid, in a dose-response manner, was observed to markedly reduce the adhesion of human monocyte cells to IL-1 β-treated HUVEC cells. The compound has also been observed to inhibit in vitro DNA methylation.